Elastic-fluid turbine.



Jl Sl ELASTIC FLUID TURBINB. APPLICTION FILED MAE. 8, 1906. BYNIQWHI)06T. 12, 1907..

Patented Apri 97, 1909.

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nNirED srAilEgsgfgrggENT errno JONATHAN s. GREEN, or Prrfrsisune,rENNsYLvANA-, AsvslGNoR ToTHE WEsTINGHoUsE MACHINE coMPANY, ACORPORATIONoErENNsYLvANIA.

nrJAs'rro-FLUID TUBBINE.

j l Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. April 27', 1909.

Application led March 8, 1906, Serial No. 304,920. Renewed October12,1907. Serial No. 397,170.

To all whom it may concern: y

Be it known that I,'JoNA'r1-IAN IS. GREEN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny andState of Pennsylvania, have made a new and luseful Invention inElastic-Fluidl Turbines, of which the following is a speciiication.

This invention relates to elasticfluid turbines and more particularly tomeans for tying the outer ends of the blades thereof together intogroups whereby they are held against movement one toward the other.-

The object of this invention is toproduce eflicient tying means for theouter or free ends of turbine blades or varies of simple and relativelycheap construction.` v r In elastic fluid turbines it is customary innearly all types to arrange the blades andV In some, each of these rowsvanes in rows. Y forms a complete vann-ulus, while 1n others, only aportion of an annulus. Where the row forms a complete annulus, it is'customary to arrange the blades or vanes, as the case may be, in one ofsuch rows, into groups comprising a plurality ofblades or vanes and tohave. these groups, so far as the tie for thel outer end is' concerned,independent one of the other to accommodate the expansions which occurdue to the changes in temperature. In order to illustrate this inventionsufliciently for those skilled in this art to understand the same, inthe drawing I have shown only a few of such blades or vanes inconjunction with the tying means embodying this invention.

Figure 1v is a side view in elevation of five blades or vanes, as thecase may be. Fig. 2 is a plan view in cross section of said blades orvanes cutting the axis of the tie. Fig. 3 is a view in cross section oftwo blades or vanes and in this view a modiiied form of tie is employed.Fig. 4 is a face view of the upper portion of a blade or vane showingcountersunk holes assing therethrough to be utilized in conjunction withthe modilied form of tie shown in Fig. 3. Figs. 5 and 6 are views inperspective and cross section respectively' of the spacer portieri `ofthe tie illustrated in Figs. 2 andB.

The blades or vanes, Which may be secured to their holding elements inany suitable manner, have holes, preferably circular in form, punched orotherwise made,` passing through them from front to back a desiredvdistance from their outer ends. When assembled in the holding element,the axes of these holes in a 4given rowarein line and through the same atubular wire or tie element? is passed. This tie element 7 may be formedin any suitable manner, of any desired material and either seamed orseamless as is desired.

Between adjacent blades and surrounding the tie element -7 are tubularspacing elements 8. These elements are preferably of the same metal asthe tie element and, as shown in Fig. 2, may have their ends cut toconform to the concave and convex faces of the blades or vanes. Thespacers preferably closely lit overthe tie element and after the tie,and s acers are assembled, both the spacers an those portions lof thetie lying between' adjacent blades or vanes are compressed for flattenedasshown in Figs. l, 2 andy 3.V By thus compressing the spacers and tie,thespacers are held against movement and ractically form an integralstructure whic 1 will effectively prevent any movement ofthe blades orvanes from or toward one another. j

As the tie 7 and spacers'may be of small i` external diameter (very muchsmaller in ,factthan as shown in the drawings as compared to the lengthof the blade), when compressed `they offer a minimum obstruction to thepassage of the working fluid.

If'it is desired, the holes through the blades orvanes may becountersunk as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 and the ends of the spacers may becut in a plane at right angles to their axes.

It will be understood that the tie and spacers may be of any form incross section and not necessarily circular. It will also be understoodthat if it is desired, the same need not be flattened or compressed; but

Having thus described and illustrated my and desire to secure by LettersPatent is:

1. In aturbine, a blade or vane holding element, blades or vanesextending therefrom and` secured thereto, a binder passing through theouter or free ends of said blades or Avanes and separate spacingelements surrounding said binder andlocated between adjacent bladesorvanes.

2. In a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, blades or vanesextending therefrom and secured thereto, a binder 'passing invention,what I claim as new and useful through the outer or free ends of saidblades or vanes, separate spacing elements between adjacent blades orvanes, and which between adjacent blades or vanes are distorted.

3. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesor vanes cornprised ina row and secured thereto, spacing pieces locatedbetween the outer or tree ends of the blades or vanes of said row andhaving faces conforming in contour with the concave` and convexsurfacesol' the blades or Yanes and a binding ineinber passing .throughthe blades or vanes for securing the saine together.

4,. In a turbine, a blade oljvaneholding element, blades or vanesextending therefrom, a binder stril passing through the blades or Vanesan separate spacing elements mounted on said binder strip which, betweenadjacent blades or vanes, are distorted.

l5; VIn a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, blades or vanesextending therefrom and secured thereto, a tubular binderstrippassingthrough the blades or vanes and which, between adjacentblades or vanes,

is distorted. 6. aturblne, a blade or vane holding element, blades orvanes extending therefrom and secured thereto, a tubular binder strippassing through said blades or vanes, and separate spacingeleinentssurrounding said strip and located between adjacent blades or vanes.

In atuirbine, a blade or vane holding element, blades or vanesextending` therefrom andsecured thereto, a tubular binding strip passingthrough adjacent blades or vanes and separate spacing `elementsmountedon said Ibinding strip and which, between adjacent blades andvaries, are distorted.

8. In a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, blades orvanesextending therefrom, a hollow binding strip passing through theouter or free 4ends of said blades or vanes and separatespacingelenients surrounding said strip and located between adjacentblades or varies.

r9. turbine, a blade or vane holding eleinen t blades or vanes extendingtherefrom andsecured thereto, a hollow binder strip passing through theouter or iiree ends ofl said blades or vanes, se Jarate spacingelementsbetween adjacent b ades or vanes andwhich, between adjacentblades or vanes, aredistorted.-

. v 1 O, In aturbine, a blade or vane .holding element, blades or vanesextendingwtherefrom, abinder strip passing through the Qutef. .enSSQfSeid .blades 01 Vil-DGS im ..5993- rate spacing elements located betweenadj acent bladesor vanes.

H117., lIn a turbine, a blade orvane holding elernent, bladesor variesextending therefr'orn and secured thereto,V a binder strip passingthrough the outer or 'l'ree ends ol said blades or vanes and a spacingmember secured to said binder strip.

12. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesor vanes comprised in a row and secured thereto, spacing pieces locatedbetween the outer or tree ends ol the blades or vanes oll said. row andhaving -laces conforming in contour with the concave and convex surlacesol the blades or vanes and a binding member passing through the bladesor vanos and said spacing pieces 'lior securing the same together.

13. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesor vanes secured thereto, and a hollow binding strip passingthrough theblades or Yanes.

14. In combination in a` turbine, a blade or vane holding element,blades or vanos secured thereto, and a hollow binding strip passingthrough the outer or 'tree ends ol said blades or vanes.

15. In a turbine, a blade or vane holding` elenient, blades or va nessecuredv thereto, and a hollow binding strip passing through tlu` bladesor vanos, which, between adjacent blades or vanes, is distorted.

16. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding clement, bladesor vanos secured thereto, and a hollow binding strip passing through theouter or tree ends ol said blades or vanos, which, between adjacentblades or vanes, is distorted.

1 7. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element,blades or Yanes secured thereto, a hollow binding strip passing throughsaid blades or vanes, and separato spacing pieces carried by said stripand located betwcen said blades or Yanes.

18. In combination in a turbine, a blad(` o r vane holding element,blades or vanos secured thereto, a hollow binding strip passing throughthe outer or lree ends of said blades or vanes, and separate spacingpieces carried b v said strip and which, between adjacent blades orvanes, are distorted.

19. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesor vanos secured thereto, a hollow binding strip passing through saidblades or vanes, and separate spacingV pieces carried by said strip andwhich, between adjacent blades or Vanns, are distorted.

20. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesor Yanes securedthereto, a hollow binding strip passing through saidblades or Yanes, and separate spacing pieces mounted on said strip andlocated between adaccnt blades or vanos and securcdt'o said strip bybeing distort-ed.

21. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesor vanos .secured thereto, a binding member passing through said bladesor vanes, and hollow spacing pieces mounted on said member, which,between adjacent blades or vanes, are distorted. Y

22. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesor vanes secured thereto, a binding member passing through said bladesyor vanes,` and hollow spacin pieces mounted on lsaid member and locatebetween adjacent blades or vanes.

28. In a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, blades or vanessecured thereto, and hollow spacing pieceslocated between adjacentblades or vanes.

24. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesvor vanes secured thereto, and separate spacing pieces located betweenthe outer or free ends of adjacent blades or vanes.V

25. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesor vanes comprised in a row and secured thereto, spacing pieces locatedbetween the outer or free ends of the blades or vanes of said row andhaving faces conforming in contour with the concave and convex surfacesof thev blades or vanes and a hollow binding member passing through theblades or vanes for securing the same together.

26. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesor vanes se cured thereto, a binding member for said blades or vanes,and separate spacing pieces for said blades or vanes, movable along saidmember and secured thereto by being distorted. l

27. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element',blades vor vanes secured thereto, a binding member for said blades orvanes, and separate spacing pieces secured to said member and locatedbetween adjacent blades or vanes.

28. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesor vanes secured thereto, and a hollow binding member secured to saidblades or vanes, which, between adjacent blades or vanes, is distorted.

29. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesor vanes secured thereto, and a hollow binding member secured to theouter or free ends of said blades or vanes, which, between adjacent,

thereto, a hollow binding member secured to said `blades or vanes, andhollow spacing pieces mounted on said member and located betweenadjacent blades or vanes.

33. In combination in a turbine, a blade or vane holding element, bladesor vanes, secured thereto, and a tubular binding member passing throughthe outer or free ends of said pieces, having faces conforming incontour to the convex and concave faces of the blades or vanes, locatedbetween the outer or free ends of the blades or vanes and secured tosaid binding member.

36. `In combination in a turbine, blades or vanes comprised in a row, abinding member passing through said blades or vanes, spacing pieces,having faces conformin in contour to the convex and concave aces of theblades or vanes, located between the outer or free ends of the blades orvanes and secured to said binding member by being distorted.

37. In combination in a turbine, blades or vanes comprised in a row, abinding member passing through the blades or vanes, tubular spacingpieces having ends conforming in contour to the convex and concave facesof the blades or vanes and located between the outer or free ends of theblades or vanes.

38. In combination in a turbine, blades or vanes comprised in a row, abinding memberv passing`through the blades or vanes, tubular spacingpieces having ends conforming in contour to the convex and concave facesof the blades or vanes, and secured to said binding member.

39. In combination in a turbine, blades or vanes comprised in a row, abinding member passing through the blades or vanes, tubular spacingpieces having ends conforming in -contour to the convex and concavefaces of the blades or vanes, and mounted on said binding member. Y

40. In combination in a turbine, blades or vanes comprised in a row, abinding member passing through the blades or vanes, tubular spacingpieces having ends conforming in contour to the convex and concave facesof the blades or vanes and secured to said binding member by beingdistorted.

41. `In combination with a blade or vane holding element, an annular rowof blades secured thereto, each of which has a hole near the outer orfree end,` spacing pieces lying between adjacent blades formed tocontorni t'o the surfaces of said blades and provided with holesextending therethrough which aline to the holes in said blades andbinder means extending' through the holes in said blades and spacingpieces for securing; the saine together.

42. In combination with a blade or Vane holding,` element, an annularrow of blades secured thereto7 each of which has a hole near the outeror free end, spacing` pieces lying between adjacent blades formed toconform to the surfaces of said blades and provided with holes extendingtherethrough Which aline to the holes in said blades,V and a binder wireextending through the holes in said blades and spacing pieces Forsecuring;l the same together.

43. In con'ibination with a plurality of 30 blades or vanes comprised inau annular row, a binding member for the blades or Yanes and spacinfg`pieces conforming` in contour to the surfaces ol" the blades or vaneslocatedv between adjacent blades or `Janes and secured g t0 said bindingmember.

In testiinon)T whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 5th dayol March, 1906.

JNO. S. GREEN.

Witnesses CHARLES W. MCGHEE, E. W. MCCALLISTER.

